Abstract
The problem of establishing a fair bet between spatially separated gambler and casino can only be solved in the classical regime by relying on a trusted third party. By combining Nash-equilibrium theory with quantum game theory, we show that a secure, remote, two-party game can be played using a quantum gambling machine which has no classical counterpart. Specifically, by modifying the Nash-equilibrium point we can construct games with arbitrary amount of bias, including a game that is demonstrably fair to both parties. We also report a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration using linear optics.
Highlights
Gambling is a game where people wager of money or something valuable on an event with an uncertain outcome
Alice), how does Bob knows that the gambling machine (GM)
Provided by Alice is not biased towards Alice herself, especially in the case of online gambling or lotteries? The standard solution to this problem is to introduce a trusted third party to provide an unbiased GM to make sure the gambling is fair to both parties
Summary
Gambling is a game where people wager of money or something valuable on an event with an uncertain outcome (such as raffle) It has a wide range of applications in every aspects of human society.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] despite its long history and wide spread usages, it has a long standing problem yet to be resolved. The GM is elaborately designed in a way that a Nash-equilibrium[15] exists—each party has a strategy to choose his/her parameter which can guarantee his/her gain is no less than a certain amount and neither of the two parties can benefit from changing his/her own parameter unilaterally In this way, Alice and Bob are ‘forced’ to choose the Nash-equilibrium in their own favor so that a stable GM can be established
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