Quantum Fluctuations of Low Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Systems

A Mebrahtu

doi:10.4314/mejs.v3i2.67709

Abstract

A system of low dimensional condensed ultracold atomic gases inside a field of a laser-driven optical cavity exhibits dispersive optical bistability. During such a process the system also shows quantum fluctuations. Condensate fluctuations are highly manifested particularly in low dimensional systems. In this paper we have investigated the theory and manifestation of fluctuations in quantum optical systems in low dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates. We have described the system using the mean-field approximation. In this study we have verified that low dimensional quantum gases exhibit not only highly fascinating properties but also we have indicated that the use of mean field theory to describe quantum gases in low dimensions is highly restricted since the possibility of generating low dimensional bosonic condensates is dominated by the existence of highly sensitive and intrinsic quantum fluctuations.

Highlights

INTRODUCTIONThe reason for the popularity of optomechanical study, besides experimental realizability, is that the theoretical description could be done in a relatively simpler way, involving only few modes of the cavity field and one mode for the motion of the mirror (Genes et al, 2008; Szirmai et al, 2009)
Quantum fluctuations are variations or changes in the amount of one or both of the conjugate variables in a point in space which arise from the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
In this paper we focus on quantum fluctuations of low dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates in optical systems

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The reason for the popularity of optomechanical study, besides experimental realizability, is that the theoretical description could be done in a relatively simpler way, involving only few modes of the cavity field and one mode for the motion of the mirror (Genes et al, 2008; Szirmai et al, 2009) Such system is an ideal playground to test correlations between light and mesoscopic objects, to understand the underlying physics and to predict the possible applications in quantum information processing Experiments which are recently conducted with ultracold bosons in optical resonators (Mekhov and Ritsch, 2009; Chen et al, 2007; Chen and Meystre, 2009; Marquardt and Girvin, 2009) unify nicely the above concepts.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM

FLUCTUATIONS AROUND THE MEAN FIELD ORDER PARAMETER

CONCLUSION