Quantum Fisher Information in Two-Qubit Pure States

Abstract

In terms of quantum Fisher information (QFI), a quantity χ 2 was introduced by Pezzé and Smerzi (Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 100401, 2009). They pointed out that the inequality χ 2<1 was a sufficient condition for multiparticle entanglement. For the two-qubit symmetric states, we found that the inequality χ 2<1 is a necessary and sufficient condition for entanglement and spin squeezing, and that χ 2 is equal to the second kind of spin squeezing parameter \(\xi _{2}^{2}\). For the two-qubit asymmetric states, it is only a sufficient condition. In order to make it a necessary and sufficient condition, we extend the concept of the QFI and χ 2, and generalize the relations among the entanglement measurement, the spin squeezing parameters and χ 2 in symmetric pure states to arbitrary pure states.