Quantum entanglement dynamics of spacetime and matter

Abstract

It was known long ago that quantum theory and general relativity are in sharp conflict in their foundations. Their fundamental inconsistencies render a consistent theory of quantum gravity the most challenging problem in physics. Here we propose an information-complete quantum field theory (ICQFT), which describes elementary fermions, their gauge fields, and gravity (together, called the trinary fields) as an elementary trinity without any conceptual inconsistency of existing theories. The ICQFT unifies matter and spacetime (gravity) as information via spacetime-matter entanglement, which encodes complete physical predictions of the theory and leads to a compelling solution to the problem of time. We consider two particular forms of spacetime-matter entangled states and their physical consequences. One of them results in a universal relation between entanglement entropy and geometry (area and volume), allowing us to determine the cosmological constant term in the classical Einstein equation. Based on a quantum-information definition of dark energy, our Universe is not strictly holographic. We predict the interior quantum state of a Schwarzschild black hole to be maximally information-complete. As a concrete quantum formulation of gravity coupled with matter, the ICQFT is quantum entanglement dynamics for spacetime and matter and eliminates the conceptual obstacles of existing quantum gravity theory.