Abstract
Quantum metrology is the state-of-the-art measurement technology. It uses quantum resources to enhance the sensitivity of phase estimation over that achievable by classical physics. While single parameter estimation theory has been widely investigated, much less is known about the simultaneous estimation of multiple phases, which finds key applications in imaging and sensing. In this manuscript we provide conditions of useful particle (qudit) entanglement for multiphase estimation and adapt them to multiarm Mach-Zehnder interferometry. We theoretically discuss benchmark multimode Fock states containing useful qudit entanglement and overcoming the sensitivity of separable qudit states in three and four arm Mach-Zehnder-like interferometers - currently within the reach of integrated photonics technology.
Highlights
Quantum metrology exploits particle entanglement in the probe state to enhance the precision of parameter estimation beyond what is reachable with classical resources
We adapt the theory to the case of multiarm Mach Zehnder interferometers (MMZIs) considering an experimentally relevant framework, with multiphoton Fock states as probe and photon counting measurement
In this manuscript we have developed the general theory of quantum-enhanced multiphase estimation
Summary
Quantum metrology exploits particle entanglement in the probe state to enhance the precision of parameter estimation beyond what is reachable with classical resources (see refs 1,2 for reviews). Inequality (8) is a bound of sensitivity in the estimation of the single parameter λj with qudit-separable states, when all the parameters are unknown.
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