Quantum Dots as Drug Delivery Vehicles: An Abeyant Leap in Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Cancer therapy encounters challenges with conventional approaches, including issues related to poor drug solubility, stability, and non-specific targeting. Quantum dots (QDs), nanocarriers exhibiting unique electrical and optical properties, present a promising solution for targeted drug delivery in cancer management. This review focuses on QDs as nanocarriers, examining their physicochemical properties, development of "smart" nanomaterials, and surface functionalization. The utilization of semiconductor, metal, and carbon-based QDs for drug delivery and imaging applications in preclinical and clinical settings is explored. Considerations pertaining to QD toxicity, biocompatibility, and recent advancements in toxicity mitigation are addressed. The review highlights challenges such as scalability, regulatory approval, and clinical translation. While possessing substantial potential, further research is necessary to tackle these challenges. The article concludes by discussing future perspectives and opportunities for enhancing QD-based drug delivery systems, thus contributing to advancements in cancer therapy.