Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) integration into photonic devices requires varied approaches to control and modulate their emission. We demonstrate voltage-tunable PC structures with integrated QDs over suspended piezoelectric aluminum nitride thin film resonators that modulate PC enhancement at MHz frequencies. When the piezoelectric device is actuated at its resonant mechanical frequency, the extracted QD emission direction is likewise modulated via the optical resonant frequency of the PC. Modulation uses nanometer-scale mechanical displacements, offering the potential for greater switching speed and improved mechanical robustness that is not subject to the effects of stiction with a scalable fabrication approach.
Highlights
An increasing number of photonic devices contain integrated quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor nanoparticles that are efficiently excited by high energy photons, producing a lower energy output emission with a narrower bandwidth than phosphors, enabling improved gamut and color tuning of outputs [1,2] as well as reduced operating power and increased device speed [3]
We focus upon photonic crystals (PCs)-enhanced emission extraction, in which QD emitters within a PC will channel their output in a direction dictated by the PC dispersion, resulting in narrow bandwidth QD emission emerging from the PC along a specific and narrow band of exit angles
We demonstrate actively tunable PC structures with integrated QD emitters, enabling the enhanced extraction characteristics of a PC to be modulated at MHz frequencies by constructing a PC with integrated QD emitters upon a piezoelectrically actuated, mechanically resonating membrane
Summary
An increasing number of photonic devices contain integrated quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor nanoparticles that are efficiently excited by high energy photons, producing a lower energy output emission with a narrower bandwidth than phosphors, enabling improved gamut and color tuning of outputs [1,2] as well as reduced operating power and increased device speed [3]. PC-enhanced excitation and extraction have been utilized for applications that include biosensing [22] and lighting [5], where increased brightness from photon emitters can be used to reduce limits of detection and to increase signal-to-noise ratios. Another useful feature of integrating QDs within PCs is emission extraction that is highly polarized, even when excited by a nonpolarized excitation source, offering the potential to improve energy efficiency through elimination of linear polarization filters that currently block half of the emitted photons in a conventional video display from reaching the viewer [23]
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