Quantum Criticality of Antiferromagnetism and Superconductivity with Relativity.

Abstract

We study a quantum phase transition from a massless to massive Dirac fermion phase in a new two-dimensional bipartite lattice model of electrons that is amenable to sign-free quantum MonteCarlo simulations. Importantly, interactions in our model are not only invariant under SU(2) symmetries of spin and charge like the Hubbard model, but they also preserve an Ising-like electron spin-charge flip symmetry. From unbiased fermion bag MonteCarlo simulations with up to 2304 sites, we show that the massive fermion phase spontaneously breaks this Ising symmetry, picking either antiferromagnetism or superconductivity, and that the transition at which both orders are simultaneously quantum critical belongs to a new "chiral spin-charge symmetric" universality class. We explain our observations using effective potential and renormalization group calculations within the framework of a continuum field theory.