Abstract
This chapter explains the status and potential applications of quantum computing based on SRF cavities, with a view to exciting prospects for the future. Quantum computing is a fusion of quantum physics and computer science, harnessing the dual phenomena of quantum superposition and quantum entanglement for massive computations. A quantum bit or qubit can take on a quantum superposition of an infinite range of values between 1 and 0. The quantum state of superposition is rather fragile due to interaction with the environment, and other factors. Like superposition, quantum entanglement is also fragile, subject to decoherence due to the coupling of the quantum system to the environment. Any quantum system with two distinguishable basis states can be used for a qubit. The ultra-low temperatures also reduce the quasiparticle density in the superconductor, which increases qubit coherence.
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