Quantum computational universality of Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki states beyond the honeycomb lattice

Abstract

Universal quantum computation can be achieved by simply performing single-spin measurements on a highly entangled resource state, such as cluster states. The family of Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) states has recently been explored; for example, the spin-1 AKLT chain can be used to simulate single-qubit gate operations on a single qubit, and the spin-3/2 two-dimensional AKLT state on the honeycomb lattice can be used as a universal resource. However, it is unclear whether such universality is a coincidence for the specific state or a shared feature in all two-dimensional AKLT states. Here we consider the family of spin-3/2 AKLT states on various trivalent Archimedean lattices and show that in addition to the honeycomb lattice, the spin-3/2 AKLT states on the square octagon $(4,{8}^{2})$ and the ``cross'' $(4,6,12)$ lattices are also universal resource, whereas the AKLT state on the ``star'' $(3,{12}^{2})$ lattice is likely not due to geometric frustration.