Abstract
This paper proposes a protocol to prepare a blockchain using quantum tools which maintains the distributive nature of the blockchain and provides security against a quantum attacker. The authors provide an example of a two blockchain prepared in IBM 5 qubit quantum computer, as a proof of concept with fidelity close to 0.9548.
Highlights
The information contained by the classical blocks is initialized at a single qubit that acts as a vertex of the corresponding hypergraph and the entanglement of the hypergraph state serves the purpose of the “chain.” We briefly describe the hypergraph states and the weighted hypergraph states in the following subsection
IBM Quantum Experience is a cloud-based platform and this protocol is based on a distributive ledger technology, we present the construction of the blockchains in the IBM quantum computer as a proof of concept
A protocol to prepare a quantum blockchain has been presented using weighted hypergraph states where the classical ledger-based network and cryptographic hash functions have been replaced with the entanglement of the weighted hypergraph state
Summary
The classical blockchain is the most popular distributed ledger technology (DLT) [1], used by the famous cryptocurrency network bitcoin [2]. The blockchain technology aims to preserve and secure information in worldwide-distributed ledgers It is essentially a trustless peer-to-peer network [2,6], where time-stamped information (transactions in case of a cryptocurrency) is drawn from a pool of transactions and encrypted in a block by one of the nodes of the network. Several protocols have been proposed making use of quantum cryptographic and key distribution algorithms to defend the quantum attacks on classical blockchain in recent years [10,12,14].
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