Quantum Anharmonic Calculations of Vibrational Spectra for Water Adsorbed on Titania Anatase(101) Surface: Dissociative versus Molecular Adsorption.

Abstract

The interaction of water molecules and hydroxyl groups with titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces is ubiquitous and very important in anatase nanoparticle photocatalytic processes. Infrared spectroscopy, assisted by ab initio calculations of vibrational frequencies, can be a powerful tool to elucidate the mechanisms behind water adsorption. However, a straightforward comparison between measurements and calculations remains a challenging task because of the complexity of the physical phenomena occurring on nanoparticle surfaces. Consequently, severe computational approximations, such as harmonic vibrational ones, are usually employed. In the present work we partially address this complexity issue by overcoming some of the standard approximations used in theoretical simulations and employ the Divide and Conquer Semiclassical Initial Value Representation (DC-SCIVR) molecular dynamics. This method allows to perform simulations of vibrational spectra of large dimensional systems accounting not only for anharmonicities, but also for nuclear quantum effects. We apply this computational method to water and deuterated water adsorbed on the ideal TiO2 anatase(101) surface, contemplating both the molecular and the dissociated adsorption processes. The results highlight not only the presence of an anharmonic shift of the frequencies in agreement with the experiments, but also complex quantum mechanical spectral signatures induced by the coupling of molecular vibrational modes with the surface ones, which are different in the hydrogenated case from the deuterated one. These couplings are further analyzed by exploiting the mode subdivision performed during the divide and conquer procedure.