Quantized vortices in spinor Bose–Einstein condensates with time–space modulated interactions and stability analysis**Project supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, China (Grand No. 1182009) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11471182).

Abstract

The three-component Gross–Pitaevskii equation with an angular momentum rotational term can be served as a model to study spinor Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with time–space modulated interactions. Vortex solutions of the spinor BECs with spatiotemporally modulated interactions are worked out by similarity transformation. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of vortex states are demonstrated. Stable vortex states are obtained by adjusting the frequency of the external potential and the spatiotemporally modulated interaction.