Quantitative study on isotope effect of rubidium clusters

Abstract

Because of the difficulty in measuring the cluster isotope displacement and identifying its cause, the resonance dissociation spectra, the moment shift and Zeeman energy shift of isotope cluster <sup>87,85</sup>Rb<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3, ··· , 13) are obtained by the combination of optical magnetic resonance and thermal dissociation techniques in this study. The quantitative calculation is carried out based on the conceptual model of the giant atom, and the results are in excellent agreement with the measured results, which shows that rubidium clusters can be analyzed as giant atoms. Furthermore, 5s electron shell level structures of the rubidium cluster <sup>87,85</sup>Rb<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3, ··· , 92) are calculated by using Zeeman level interval model. It is found that the main order and step distance of the 5s electron shell structure are similar to those of 3s single electron shell structure of sodium cluster in spherical symmetry. It is confirmed that the structure of the 5s electron shell of the rubidium cluster is determined by the largest energy gap in total Zeeman levels and the characteristic peaks of odd and even alternating and anomalous magnetic moments of special numbers such as <i>n</i> = 2 are caused by the intrinsic properties of electrons and molecular structures. It is also found that <sup>87</sup>Rb<sub><i>n</i></sub> level shell structure and <sup>85</sup>Rb<sub><i>n</i></sub> level shell structure strictly conform to the ratio of 3/2 magnitude relationship, and that there are abnormal differences in spectral center frequency and broadening, which may be directly related to the <sup>85,87</sup>Rb nuclei close to the shell closure.