Quantitative study of centrolobular hepatic fibrosis in alcoholic disease before cirrhosis

Abstract

In an attempt to determine the importance of perivenular fibrosis (PVF) in alcoholic liver disease, we studied 71 liver biopsies using histological grading and a morphometric method. The histological grading used 7 variables which allowed us to classify the patients into 7 groups: controls, patients without alcoholic hepatitis but with steatosis, steato-fibrosis, portal fibrosis and patients with mild, moderate, or severe alcoholic hepatitis. The quantitative analysis examined 3 parameters: (1) The inner diameter of the terminal hepatic veins (THV). (2) The thickness of the THV rims, related to perivenular fibrosis (PVF). (3) Centrolobular fibrosis (CLF) which represented the association of perivenular and perisinusoidal centrolobular fibrosis. No changes in the inner diameter of the terminal hepatic veins was observed for the different groups except in the case of severe alcoholic hepatitis. This fact indicated the absence of veno-occlusive lesions in early stages of mild and moderate alcoholic disease. In severe alcoholic hepatitis, THV were destroyed by centrolobular scars and most of them were indistinguishable and unmeasurable. Of the 26 cases with steatosis (with or without portal fibrosis) only two cases with steatofibrosis showed perivenular fibrosis. In contrast, a significant increase in PVF and in CLF appeared in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. CLF is easier to quantify and more significative than PVF. Thus, it seems to us that CLF is a better indicator of the intensity of sclerosis and of the risk of developing cirrhosis than PVF alone.