Abstract
The decomposition behavior of ZrO2 particles and uniform distribution of Zr and O solutes were investigated by employing in situ scanning electron microscope-electron backscatter diffraction (SEM-EBSD) analysis and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) to optimize the process conditions in preparing Ti-Zr-O alloys from the pre-mixed pure Ti powder and ZrO2 particles. The extruded Ti-Zr-O alloys via homogenization and water-quenching treatment were found to have a uniform distribution of Zr and O solutes in the matrix and also showed a remarkable improvement in the mechanical properties, for example, the yield stress of Ti-3 wt.% ZrO2 sample (1144.5 MPa) is about 2.5 times more than the amount of yield stress of pure Ti (471.4 MPa). Furthermore, the oxygen solid-solution was dominant in the yield stress increment, and the experimental data agreed well with the calculation results estimated using the Hall-Petch equation and Labusch model.
Highlights
The increased utilization of titanium in several applications such as aerospace, medicine, energy, and automotive technology is due to its high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility [1,2,3]
The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the strengthening mechanism of Ti-Zr-O alloys, which are fabricated from an elemental mixture of pure Ti powder and
To clarify the decomposition behavior of ZrO2 particles dispersed in the Ti matrix during sintering, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) was performed using Ti-5 wt.% ZrO2 composite with a heating rate of 20 K/min
Summary
The increased utilization of titanium in several applications such as aerospace, medicine, energy, and automotive technology is due to its high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility [1,2,3]. Ti alloys exhibit improved mechanical properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio, fatigue resistance at elevated temperatures, and excellent toughness by containing rare metals like alloying elements, including vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) [4,5], which help in phase stabilization and strengthening the material without impairing ductility. Regarding the biomaterial applications of Ti materials, Zr is a useful alloying element because it belongs to group IV in the periodic table that is the same as Ti, owing to their very similar chemical properties and biocompatibilities [18,19].
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