Abstract
The novel duck reovirus (NDRV) can cause hemorrhage and necrosis on the spleen of Pekin ducks; this disease has resulted in great economic losses to the duck industry. However, the molecular pathogenesis of NDRV remains poorly understood. In the current study, the quantitative proteomic analysis of NDRV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts was performed to explore the cellular protein changes in response to viral infection through iTRAQ coupled with the liquid chromatography (LC)–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method. A total of 6,137 proteins were obtained in cell samples at 24 h post-infection. Of these, 179 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified (cutoff set to 1.5-fold change), including 89 upregulated and 90 downregulated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis showed that DEPs can be divided into the cellular component, molecular function, and biological process; they were mainly involved in signal transduction, infectious diseases, cell growth and death, and the immune system. The subcellular localization of most proteins was in the cytoplasm. Importantly, the expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated after NDRV infection. The mRNA transcripts of some ISGs were consistent with proteomic data, showing an increased trend. Results of our study suggested that NDRV infection can elicit strong expression changes of cellular proteins and activate the expression of ISGs from the point of quantitative proteomic analysis. The study provides a new insight into the understanding of NDRV pathogenesis.
Highlights
Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) is a member of the genus Orthoreovirus, belonging to the family Reoviridae
The disease caused by NDRV is an acute and contact infectious disease in duck farms, characterized by splenomegaly, necrosis, and high mortality [6, 23]
Quantitative proteomic analysis has demonstrated the profiles of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in NDRV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) cells compared to the control group through iTRAQ coupled with the liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS method, and NDRV infection activates the innate immune responses of the host cell, leading to the expression of various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs)
Summary
Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) is a member of the genus Orthoreovirus, belonging to the family Reoviridae. The genome of NDRV encodes at least 10 structural and four nonstructural proteins [1]. The infectious disease caused by NDRV was first. Proteomic Analysis of NDRV-Infected DEF reported in several southern provinces of China in 2006; various breeds of ducks can be infected, including Pekin duck, Cherry Valley duck, shelduck, Muscovy duck, etc. The main manifestations of NDRV-infected Muscovy duck and shelduck are hemorrhage and necrosis of the liver, splenomegaly with necrotic foci, and hemorrhage of the kidney and bursa of Fabricius [4, 5]. The Pekin duck and Cherry Valley duck infected with NDRV are mainly characterized by hemorrhage and necrosis of the spleen [3, 6]. The phylogenetic analysis shows that NDRV strains are genotype II, which is different from the classical Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) strains belonging to genotype I. The pathogenesis of NDRV may be different from the classical MDRV, and this difference needs further investigation
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