Quantitative Monitoring Maximizes Cost-Saving Strategies When Antagonizing Neuromuscular Block With Sugammadex.

Abstract

Introduction Weight-based dosing combined with variable patient weights in pediatric anesthesia can lead to significant medication excess and waste from single-use medication vials packaged for dosing in adults. Medication aliquots have been proposed as a strategy to decrease waste and therefore expense when using high-cost medications such as sugammadex. Appropriate dosing of sugammadex to antagonize neuromuscular block is based on the results of quantitative monitoring, though the use of these monitors is not routine. In this quality improvement project, we demonstrate cost savings from aliquoting sugammadex from large, single-use vials and using quantitative monitoring to guide accurate and appropriate dosing. Methods After institutional review and approval, patients receiving rocuronium neuromuscular block during their anesthetic care between October 10 and December 9, 2022, were included for analysis. Sugammadex aliquots were prepared under sterile conditions in the operating room pharmacy according to current compounding guidelines. Quantitative neuromuscular monitoring with electromyography-based monitors was used to guide accurate sugammadex dosing. Cost analysis included the actual savings achieved when aliquots were used instead of single-use vials, the potential savings if aliquots had been used as opposed to single-use vials, and the actual savings achieved when quantitative monitoring indicated that adequate spontaneous recovery was reached and sugammadex administration was not needed. Results A total of 200 patients were included in the analysis. In 73 patients, a 200 mg/2 ml vial of sugammadex was utilized, while 86 patients received sugammadex from pre-filled aliquot syringes of 50 mg/0.5 ml. Forty-one patients did not require sugammadex antagonism as they achieved spontaneous recovery to a train-of-four ratio ≥90%. Conclusion Administration of sugammadex from aliquots rather than manufacturer-packaged single-use vials, with dosing guided by quantitative neuromuscular monitoring, produced a net cost savings of approximately $46 per case and projected net annual cost savings of nearly $370,000 in our institution. Forty percent of the net cost savings came from confirmation by quantitative monitoring of adequate spontaneous recovery to a train-of-four ratio ≥90%.