Abstract
A study was conducted to develop procedures suitable for quantitative measurement of induction of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity by chemical agents fed in the diet of rats. The enzyme systems that catalyze the detoxification of EPN, the O-demethylation of p-nitroanisole, the N-demethylation of aminopyrine, and the reduction of p-nitrobenzoic acid were found suitable for this purpose. The activity of these enzymes can be measured quantitatively using whole-liver homogenates. Enzyme induction by DDT and toxaphene was studied by feeding various levels from 0.2 ppm to 50 ppm in the diet for periods up to 13 weeks. Induction of all the enzymes except reductase was produced by some dietary levels of both compounds. The lowest levels that produced a significant increase in any enzyme system were 1 ppm of DDT and 5 ppm of toxaphene. Maximal induction occurred within the first 3 weeks of the feeding period at all levels of each compound that caused enzyme induction; after this time the activity was maintained at a constant, elevated level until feeding of the pesticides was discontinued. The enzyme induction was more pronounced and occurred more rapidly in male rats than in females.
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