Quantitative field testing Heterodera glycines from metagenomic DNA samples isolated directly from soil under agronomic production.

Yan Li,Gary W Lawrence,Clarissa Balbalian,Vincent P Klink,Shien Lu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089887

Abstract

A quantitative PCR procedure targeting the Heterodera glycines ortholog of the Caenorhabditis elegans uncoordinated-78 gene was developed. The procedure estimated the quantity of H. glycines from metagenomic DNA samples isolated directly from field soil under agronomic production. The estimation of H. glycines quantity was determined in soil samples having other soil dwelling plant parasitic nematodes including Hoplolaimus, predatory nematodes including Mononchus, free-living nematodes and biomass. The methodology provides a framework for molecular diagnostics of nematodes from metagenomic DNA isolated directly from field soil.

Highlights

Plant parasitic nematodes present a major problem for the cultivation of Glycine max [1,2,3,4,5]
Probe Identification Alkharouf et al [49] analyzed 8,334 H. glycines unigenes that resulted in the identification of numerous genes involved in essential aspects of their biology
The determination of the numbers of specific types of plant parasitic nematodes in the soil is important in agriculture because it allows for understanding threshold populations that could detrimentally affect plant productivity

Summary

Introduction

Plant parasitic nematodes present a major problem for the cultivation of Glycine max (soybean) [1,2,3,4,5]. The dominant problem is the soybean cyst nematode, Heterdera glycines [2,3,4,5,6]. H. glycines are a bisexual, cyst-forming species consisting of six life stages including the egg, four juvenile stages (J1–J4), and the adult stage [6,14,15]. Infection of soybean by H. glycines results in annual losses of $ 1 billion in yield in the U.S [19] and about $15 billion worldwide. To mitigate these losses, management of H. glycines is accomplished partly by the use of soybean genotypes that are resistant to infection [20,21,22,23,24]. Along with the use of resistant germplasm, the application of crop rotation and nematicides are used practices in the management of H. glycines [27]

Methods

Results

Conclusion