Quantitative evaluation of water-alternative-natural gas flooding in enhancing oil recovery of fractured tight cores by NMR

Abstract

As the associated gas of tight reservoirs, natural gas is abundant and noncorrosive, which is more suitable for the development of tight oil reservoirs in China. However, the mechanism of gas injection development is unclear, and the gas channeling is serious in tight reservoirs after fracturing. The water-alternating-gas (WAG) flooding is an effective means to delay gas channeling and improve oil recovery. Therefore, it is significant to clarify the mechanism of preventing gas channeling and recovering oil by water-alternation-natural gas (WANG) flooding. The WANG flooding experiments with different water–gas slugs were conducted in non-fracture and fractured tight cores. Besides, the oil distribution of different pore spaces of cores before and after displacement and the main contribution spaces on oil recovery were quantitatively analyzed by using nuclear magnetic resonance and core mercury porosimetry techniques. The results indicate that compared with natural gas flooding, the WANG flooding can retard gas channeling, increase formation energy, and enhance oil recovery by up to 14.1%, especially in fractured cores. Under the resistance of water slugs, the gas was allowed to enter smaller pores and its swept volume was expanded. Oil is mainly stored in mesopores (0.1–1 μm) and small pores (0.01–0.1 μm), accounting for over 90% of the total volume. The oil recovered mainly comes from mesopores, which accounts for over 75% of the total amount. Moreover, the WANG flooding strengthens the recovery of oil in mesopores and macropores (1–10 μm), but it also squeezes oil into small pores and micropores (0.001–0.01 μm).