Abstract
The transport of sulphur dioxide over distances of a few hundred kilometers is studied by measuring concentrations with a network consisting of fixed monitoring stations and a dynamic monitoring unit (moving laboratory). From the horizontal ground level measurements information about the vertical SO 2 distribution is deduced. With a two-dimensional advection model the “effective mixing height” is estimated directly from the measured ground concentrations. A second quantity which will be denoted as “pollution height” is estimated from dynamically measured concentration and gas burden. For several case studies the introduced quantities are compared. In one of the cases the significance of these quantities was verified by aircraft measurements. The total flux of SO 2, transported into the Netherlands from the major source areas in the surrounding countries, is determined. The results indicate that in general a major part of the transport takes place above the surface layer, not affecting the ground concentrations. When under special meteorological conditions all transport takes place within the surface layer, very high ground concentrations are found even at large distance from the source areas.
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