Quantitative estimation of the replication kinetics of genotype 2 PRRSV strains with different levels of virulence in vitro

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has become an important pathogen for the swine industry, and has resulted in substantial economic losses. In 2006, highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) belonging to genotype 2 was first identified in China. Here, the replication kinetics of genotype 2 PRRSV strains were estimated in vitro in MARC-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) using a TaqMan-based real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. The lower limit of detection was 10 copies/μL, and the assay was linear between 101 and 108 copies/μL. The intra-assay coefficients of variation were 0.81–1.36%, and the inter-assay coefficients of variation were 1.77–2.56%. Compared to the low pathogenicity CH-1a-F45 strain, the viral loads of the highly pathogenic HuN4-F45 strain were 100.5–101.05 and 100.84–101.35 times greater in MARC-145 cells and PAMs, respectively from 12 to 96h after infection (P<0.01). This study is the first to demonstrate that the HuN4-F45 strain replicated at higher levels than CH-1a-F45 in MARC-145 cells and PAMs, suggesting that HuN4-F45 has more robust virus amplification efficiency than CH-1a-F45 in vitro.