Abstract
<p>Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) has been dramatically developed during recent years in cognitive neurosciences. It has shown significant potential in the diagnosis of cognitive neurological disorders as well as in the evaluation of treatment outcomes and response. Early diagnosis of depression, differential diagnosis, and assessing the treatment outcomes and response are currently the main research fields of QEEG in depression. Identifying reliable disorder-specific EEG-based biomarkers that have strong correlations with the depression specific cognitive functions is one of the major challenges in these fields. Such biomarkers not only allow early and cost-effective diagnosis of depression, but also may have differential diagnostic and predictive values for treatment response of a variety of treatments. This paper aims at a comprehensive review on the main principles of QEEG in developing biomarkers for MDD. The databases of PubMed (1985-2015), Web of Sciences (1985-2015), and Google Scholar (1980-2015) were searched using the set terms. The obtained results were screened for the title and abstract by two authors and they came to consensus whether the studies are related to the review. The main advantages of QEEG for mood disorders are also reviewed. In addition, different QEEG-based measures for objective diagnosis of MDD as well as for distinguishing depressed patients from healthy subjects are discussed.</p>
Highlights
Depression is among the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, affected more than 350 million people (Lépine & Briley, 2011)
This paper aims at a comprehensive review on the main principles of Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) in developing biomarkers for MDD
Boredom, sleeplessness, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, digestive problems, frustration, anger, loss of sexual desire, isolation, lack of concentration, and memory loss (Lépine, 2000; Marcus, Yasamy, van Ommeren, Chisholm, & Saxena, 2012). In addition to these symptoms, recent studies and functional imaging techniques have shown that different regions of the brain of depression patients undergo significant physiological and functional changes (Anderson et al, 2002; Koolschijn et al, 2009; Kwon, Youn, & Jung, 1996)
Summary
Depression is among the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, affected more than 350 million people (Lépine & Briley, 2011). Boredom, sleeplessness, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, digestive problems, frustration, anger, loss of sexual desire, isolation, lack of concentration, and memory loss (Lépine, 2000; Marcus, Yasamy, van Ommeren, Chisholm, & Saxena, 2012). In addition to these symptoms, recent studies and functional imaging techniques have shown that different regions of the brain of depression patients undergo significant physiological and functional changes (Anderson et al, 2002; Koolschijn et al, 2009; Kwon, Youn, & Jung, 1996). Developing objective, sensitive, disease-specific, and differential diagnostic techniques are necessary for more efficient management of depressive disorders
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