Abstract
Modeling of ion transport via plasma membrane needs identification and quantitative understanding of the involved processes. Brief characterization of main ion transport systems of a yeast cell (Pma1, Ena1, TOK1, Nha1, Trk1, Trk2, non-selective cation conductance) and determining the exact number of molecules of each transporter per a typical cell allow us to predict the corresponding ion flows. In this review a comparison of ion transport in small yeast cell and several animal cell types is provided. The importance of cell volume to surface ratio is emphasized. The role of cell wall and lipid rafts is discussed in respect to required increase in spatial and temporary resolution of measurements. Conclusions are formulated to describe specific features of ion transport in a yeast cell. Potential directions of future research are outlined based on the assumptions.
Highlights
The fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Phylum Ascomycota) is a well-known baker’s yeast
The yeast plasma membrane is different from the plasma membrane of excitable animal cells: yeast cells have no abundant sodium and calcium channels with high conductance
The membrane potential of yeast cells can be controlled by copious plasma membrane ATPase Pma1, potentially it can change the membrane potential of the small cells by several hundred millivolts within a few seconds
Summary
The fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Phylum Ascomycota) is a well-known baker’s yeast. It is a small unicellular organism (Figure 1), which can grow in a wide range of pH, osmolality and various ion compositions of surrounding media. Yeast cells are among the best studied unicellular eukaryotic organisms with small sequenced genome, large available collections of mutants in specific genes, high growth rate in nutrient media. They are easy for genetic and molecular biological manipulation. Eukaryotic yeast cells with specific mutant phenotypes could be rescued after expressing homologous or complementing proteins from the other organisms, giving indications about the functions and interactions of the proteins. Yeast two-hybrid screening is a technique in molecular biology
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