Abstract
Objective To quantitatively assess the influence of reducing agents on biological macromolecules and on the possible repair of oxidative damage. Methods Samples (antibody, enzyme, DNA, and diluted serum) were treated with reducing agents (ammonium ferrous sulfate, ascorbic acid, potassium iodide, and sodium hyposulfite) in the experimental group and with NaCl in the control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative PCR were used to determine the activity of antibody, enzyme, and DNA. Native gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were used to determine protein structure. Reducing agents that had no inhibitory effect on biological macromolecules were selected. Antibodies were treated with oxidants to caused oxidative damage and then treated with reducing agents, and the possible repair of oxidative damage was assessed. Results Certain concentrations of ammonium ferrous sulfate resulted in significant inhibition of antibody, enzyme, DNA, and diluted serum. Certain concentrations of ascorbic acid resulted in significant inhibition of antibody. Sodium hyposulfite and potassium iodide had no effect on antibody, enzyme, DNA, and diluted serum. The OD values in group A (in which HBsAb was treated by oxidation and then a reductant) were significantly higher than those in group B (HBsAb treated by oxidation). Conclusion Ammonium ferrous sulfate, ascorbic acid, sodium hyposulfite, and potassium iodide had different effects on antibody, enzyme, DNA, and diluted serum. The reduction in antibody activity due to an oxidant was partially repaired by a reductant.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation in the body, which tends to oxidation [1,2,3]
This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of several reducing agents on the activity of biological macromolecules
Whether the damage to biological macromolecules caused by oxidation can be repaired by a reducing agent was investigated
Summary
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation in the body, which tends to oxidation [1,2,3]. Negative effects are produced in the body by oxidizing substances, and this is thought to be an important factor in aging and disease [2, 4, 5]. The structures of various biological macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and DNA, are altered by oxidation [3, 5,6,7]. Antioxidants are thought to counteract the effects of oxidants and reduce oxidative damage to the body [3, 5]. Research on the possible repair of oxidative damage by reducing agents has rarely been reported. This study attempts to investigate the possible repair of oxidative damage in proteins from the viewpoint of chemistry
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