QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER PROTECTION IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCED OF THE GOMEL CHEMICAL PLANT

Abstract

The formation of dumps from the production of phosphorous fertilizers at the JSC "Gomel Chemical Plant" is a significant factor affecting the geological environment, which leads primarily to contamination of soil and ground-water. The insignificant thickness of the aeration zone (0.5 to 5.0 m), the absence of low permeable layers in its section, and the downward aquifer recharge make it possible for sulfate, phosphate, and ammonium migrant components to enter groundwater from the surface. Based on the analysis of actual geological and hydrogeological data, a quantitative assessment of the protection of pressure water within the zone influenced by JSC "Gomel Chemical Plant" was given. It is established that their protection depends on the thickness of low permeable sediments, their material composition, and the ratio of aquifer levels. The time of migration of pollutants between groundwater and pressure water was determined. Categories of groundwater protection were identified and their territorial differentiation was established. The protective properties of low permeable sediments were evaluated, taking into account their potential to reduce groundwater contamination with sulfates, phosphates, and ammonium. It was found that the moraine deposits of the first low permeable layer most effectively reduce phosphate and ammonium contamination, while not interfering with the migration of sulfate ions. The second low permeable layer, represented by siltstones, leads to a significant reduction in the flow of pollutants into the Paleogene aquifer. Analysis of the dynamics of sulfate ion concentrations was given, which generally indicated a downward trend in the studied aquifers.