Abstract
Dengue viral infection is one of the most common deadliest diseases and has become a recurrent issue for public health in tropical countries. Although the spectrum of clinical diagnosis and treatment have recently been established, the efficient and rapid detection of dengue virus (DENV) during viremia and the early febrile phase is still a great challenge. In this study, a dithiobis (succinimidyl undecanoate, DSU)/amine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide-–polyamidoamine dendrimer (DSU/amine-functionalized rGO–PAMAM) thin film-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was developed for the detection of DENV 2 E-proteins. Different concentrations of DENV 2 E-proteins were successfully tested by the developed SPR sensor-based system. The performance of the developed sensor showed increased shift in the SPR angle, narrow full-width–half-maximum of the SPR curve, high detection accuracy, excellent figure of merit and signal-to-noise ratio, good sensitivity values in the range of 0.08–0.5 pM (S = 0.2576°/pM, R2 = 0.92), and a high equilibrium association constant (KA) of 7.6452 TM−1. The developed sensor also showed a sensitive and selective response towards DENV 2 E-proteins compared to DENV 1 E-proteins and ZIKV (Zika virus) E-proteins. Overall, it was concluded that the Au/DSU/amine-functionalized rGO–PAMAM thin film-based SPR sensor has potential to serve as a rapid clinical diagnostic tool for DENV infection.
Highlights
The demand for rapid, sensitive, and quantifiable methods for the detection of dengue virus is significant
We developed an surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on an amine-functionalized reduce graphene oxide (rGO)–PAMAM composite, with monoclonal antibodies immobilized on self-assembled dithiobis to detect and quantify the dengue virus
To verify the viability of the sensor film, various concentrations of dengue virus (DENV) 2 E-proteins in the range of 0.08-1 pM were injected into the cell
Summary
The demand for rapid, sensitive, and quantifiable methods for the detection of dengue virus is significant. Optical sensors have emerged as a promising technology to potentially identify biological phenomena They have the advantages of being highly sensitivity, allowing fast detection and real-time measurements, and having a simple configuration [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. A study using TOF revealed the successful detection of dengue virus (DENV) at 1 pM within 15 min [15] This sensor requires precise alignment, high cleanliness and maintenance, and very careful handling, since the fibers can break [16,17]. Anchoring a stable biorecognition element on the gold surface of the sensor is important to support its antigen binding activity, because it allows a significant change in the angle of the reflectivity minimum and is well suited for dengue virus detection
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