Abstract

Functional analysis of the human H-ras 1 gene has revealed the presence of transcriptional regulatory sequences at the 5′ and 3′ end of the gene. In addition, in vitro cell transformation studies have demonstrated that both quantitative and qualitative changes in ras oncogene expression could trigger one or more of the following transformed cell phenotypes: 1. Immortalization of early passage cells, 2. Anchorage independence or tumorigenicity, and 3. Metastatic properties of the cells. Thus, ras genes cannot be rigidly classified as stage specific genes in the multistage process of carcinogenesis.

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