Quantitative Analysis of Tylosin in Eggs by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Residue Depletion Kinetics after Administration via Feed and Drinking Water in Laying Hens

Abstract

Maximum residue limits (MRLs) have been established by the European Union when tylosin is used therapeutically. They are fixed at 200 microg/kg for eggs. A highly sensitive and selective quantitative liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS/MS) method suitable for monitoring tylosin residues in eggs to determine its depletion kinetics was developed and validated. For sample pretreatment all samples were liquid-liquid extracted with citrate buffer (pH 5.0) and acetonitrile. Liquid chromatographic separation was carried out on a reversed phase C18 column employing a 0.5% formic acid/acetonitrile gradient system. The tylosin recovery in eggs at a concentration range from 1.0-400 microg/kg was >82% with relative standard deviations between 1.5 and 11.0%. In two experimental studies administrating tylosin via feed (final dosage: 1.5 g/kg) or drinking water (final dosage: 0.5 g/L), no residues above the MRL were found during and after treatment. Moreover, all samples were well below the actual MRL of 200 microg/kg. Therefore, our residue data suggest that a withholding period for eggs is not required when laying hens are treated with tylosin in recommended dosages via feed or drinking water. Tylosin; residue; depletion; laying hen; withholding period; mass spectrometry.