Abstract
This study developed a method for separating and quantifying free glycerol in biodiesel. The free glycerol in biodiesel samples was separated using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and subsequently quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an ion-exchange stationary phase and refractive index detector (IR). The proposed method (SPE-HPLC-IR) was validated for high- and low-concentration samples (coefficient of determination, R2≥0.99): limit of detection (0.00029% m/m, high; 0.00018% m/m, low); limit of quantification (0.00089% m/m, high; 0.00054% m/m, low); precision (standard deviation < 5.0%), and accuracy (recovery of 98.93% to 106.71%). The proposed method was compared with the reference method (ASTM D6584) using the paired t-test, and no statistical differences were found between them (95% confidence). As such, the proposed method offers a simple, quick, effective method for determining free glycerol in biodiesel and a viable alternative to the reference method.
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