Abstract
Quantitative analysis of 5-hydroxymethylfufural (5-HMF) conversion from fructose by dehydration and rearrangement was investigated by <TEX>$^1H$</TEX>-NMR spectroscopic method. Fructose was converted to 5-HMF in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-<TEX>$d^6$</TEX> or acidic deuterium hydroxide at controlled reaction temperature and time. With addition of internal standards (biphenyl for DMSO-<TEX>$d^6$</TEX> solvent, and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid for deuterium oxide solvent), conversion from fructose to 5-HMF was analyzed by <TEX>$^1H$</TEX>-NMR spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis was run by comparison with peak area integration between of 5-HMF and internal standard. In DMSO solvent, 5-HMF was stable end product but part of 5-HMF was converted to formic and levulinic acid at acidic aqueous medium.
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