Quantitation and prevalence of tympanosclerosis in a pediatric otolaryngology clinic

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence and prevalence of tympanosclerosis (TS) in patients seen in a pediatric otolaryngology clinic. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Tertiary care, ambulatory care clinic. Patients and other participants: We conducted a prospective observational study to determine the incidence of TS in 218 patients seen consecutively in a pediatric otolaryngology clinic for otologic and nonotologic reasons. The patient age range was 3 weeks to 30 years; 63% were male and 37% female. Of the 218 patients, 37% (81) had undergone bilateral myringotomy and tube placement (BM&T), and 35% (21) of the 81 showed signs of TS; 63% (137) of the 218 patients had no history of otologic surgery, but 12% (15) of the 137 showed signs of TS. Method: The area of the tympanic membrane affected by TS was determined by otoscopy performed by one viewer, who drew the otoscopic findings on a standardized tympanic membrane template. The area of TS was quantified in terms of percentages by digital image analysis of the scaled drawings. Results: There was a range of 0.5–59.9% involvement of the tympanic membrane with TS, with the median percentage of involvement being 4.95%. There was an increased percentage of TS with repeat BM&T. Conclusion: This observational study shows that patients who have had BM&T have a higher incidence of TS than those who have not had the surgery. However our findings also show that 38% of the patients in this study who had TS had never undergone BM&T.