Quantifying the effects of Singapore’s street configurations on people’s activity spaces

Abstract

Although it is generally accepted that street configurations may influence people’s intra-urban travel, capturing the exact nature of that influence remains challenging. We frame this challenge as one of operationalization and measurement and attempt to quantify and analyze the impact of street configurations more precisely. We draw on geographic data science tools to suggest that street configurations may be captured using catchment area polygons. To illustrate our approach, we derive these polygons for every building in Singapore and show that catchment area sizes spatially cluster, thus acting as proxies for street configurations. Using a spatial error model, we demonstrate that these catchment area sizes partially explain people’s intra-urban travel, conceptualized as their activity spaces. That is, as street configurations lead to larger catchment areas, people’s activity spaces tend to shrink. We show that the explanatory power of catchment area sizes is distinct from, albeit correlated with, other built environment variables (such as amenity density and land use diversity) typically used to explain people’s travel. We conclude by considering the potential of our approach in broader urban geographical research agendas drawing on street configurations and other morphological influences in the study of socio-spatial processes.