Abstract
Change of muscle tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), due to exercise, measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is known to be lower for subjects with higher adipose tissue thickness. This is most likely not physiological but caused by the superficial fat and adipose tissue. In this paper we assessed, in vitro, the influence of adipose tissue thickness on muscle StO2, measured by NIRS oximeters. We measured StO2 of a liquid phantom by 3 continuous wave (CW) oximeters (Sensmart Model X-100 Universal Oximetry System, INVOS 5100C, and OxyPrem v1.3), as well as a frequency-domain oximeter, OxiplexTS, through superficial layers with 4 different thicknesses. Later, we employed the results to calibrate OxyPrem v1.3 for adipose tissue thickness in-vivo.
Highlights
The state of muscle oxygenation after specific interventions may be a valuable indicator of different medical conditions
We limited our analysis to 30% ≤ StO2 ≤ 80% in which the relation between Oximetry by visible light spectroscopy (OxyVLS) and the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) oximeters was linear (r2 > 0.97 in all cases) and is physiologically relevant [19, 20]
We modeled the trend of the relative sensitivity of the oximeters, measured invitro, in relation to window thickness with sigmoid functions
Summary
The state of muscle oxygenation after specific interventions may be a valuable indicator of different medical conditions. Response of muscle oxygenation to interventions such as movement, treadmill-walking, arterial and venous occlusion, and plantar reflection has been applied for diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease, acute and chronic compartment syndrome of the lower extremity, deep vein thrombosis, and buttock or lower extremity ischemia [3]. As a result, monitoring the state of muscle oxygenation seems to have high clinical relevance. Measuring muscle oxygenation may be difficult if NIRS oximeters are affected by superficial adipose layer. It is, needed to measure the influence of adipose tissue layer on the StO2 measured by NIRS oximeters
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