Abstract
The rapid urbanization worldwide has brought various environmental problems. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is one of the most concerning issues because of its strong relation with daily lives. Water bodies are generally considered a vital resource to relieve the UHI. In this context, it is critical to develop a method for measuring the cooling effect and scale of water bodies in urban areas. In this study, West Lake and Xuanwu Lake, two famous natural inner-city lakes, are selected as the measuring targets. The scatter plot and multiple linear regression model were employed to detect the relationship between the distance to the lake and land surface temperature based on Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI/TIRS) and Sentinel-2 data. The results show that West Lake and Xuanwu Lake massively reduced the land surface temperature within a few hundred meters (471 m for West Lake and 336 m for Xuanwu Lake) and have potential cooling effects within thousands of meters (2900 m for West Lake and 3700 m for Xuanwu Lake). The results provide insights for urban planners to manage tradeoffs between the large lake design in urban areas and the cooling effect demands.
Highlights
IntroductionDue to the rapid urbanization and high-density population, various environmental changes occurred in urban areas [1]
This study applied a distance—land surface temperature (LST) scatter diagram and multiple linear regression method to detect the cooling effect and scale of urban lakes based on Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS
The landscape patterns in the surrounding areas of the urban lake were considered as independent variables to detect the relationship in different scales
Summary
Due to the rapid urbanization and high-density population, various environmental changes occurred in urban areas [1]. The urban heat island (UHI) is one of the most significant climate changes caused by human activities [2]. UHI, firstly mentioned by Howard [3], refers to the common phenomenon in which the temperatures in urban areas are higher than that in the surrounding non-urbanized areas [4]. The high temperatures caused by the UHI phenomenon change the local climate environment resulting in extreme weather conditions [5], increased energy and water consumption [6,7], and raise the risk of human health issues [8,9]. UHI mitigation strategies should be studied and incorporated into future city design and planning to reduce the adverse effects
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