Abstract
AbstractThis paper presents a failure quantification methodology to assess the impact of cyber-physical attacks (CPAs) on critical water infrastructures, such as water distribution networks, by map...
Highlights
Water systems are essential for health, safety, and well-being
The attack led to low pressure conditions and supply deficiency to parts of C-Town
The main impact was felt in DMA2, which saw 47.5% of its supply lost owing to complete supply interruption (L1)
Summary
Water systems are essential for health, safety, and well-being. As such, they are considered critical infrastructures (CIs) (McPherson and Burian 2005) whose disruption of service can have significant debilitating impacts. Several studies have tried to capture and indicate resilience against a failure (mainly in network design), as a generic inverse function of failure time (Hashimoto et al 1982; Kjeldsen and Rosbjerg 2005), quantified via resilience profile graphing tools (Makropoulos et al 2018), through a demand satisfaction ratio (Mehran et al 2015; Zhuang et al 2012), available energy (Creaco et al 2016; Todini 2000), or graph theory metrics (Herrera et al 2016), while resilience through operational and financial dimensions is proposed in the Risk Analysis and Management for Critical Asset Protection (RAMCAP) approach (AWWA 2010). A water system’s state can be defined, at any point or period, through sets of multidimensional metrics, which provide information on performance relative to specified reference values.
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