Abstract
Belief systems matter for all kinds of human social interaction. People have individual cognitions and feelings concerning processes in their environment, which is why they may evaluate them differently. Belief systems can be visualized with cognitive-affective maps (CAMs; as reported by Thagard (in: McGregor (ed) EMPATHICA: A computer support system with visual representations for cognitive-affective mapping, AAAI Press, CA, 2010)). However, it is unclear whether CAMs can be constructed in an intersubjective way by different researchers attempting to map the beliefs of a third party based on qualitative text data. To scrutinize this question, we combined qualitative strategies and quantitative methods of text and network analysis in a case study examining belief networks about participation. Our data set consists of 10 sets of two empirical CAMs: the first CAM was created based on participants’ freely associating concepts related to participation in education (N = 10), the second one was created based on given text data which the participants represented as a CAM following a standardized instruction manual (N = 10). Both CAM-types were compared along three dimensions of similarity (network similarity, concept association similarity, affective similarity). On all dimensions of similarity, there was substantially higher intersubjective agreement in the text-based CAMs than in the free CAMs, supporting the viability of cognitive affective mapping as an intersubjective research method for studying the emotional coherence of belief systems and discursive knowledge. In addition, this study highlights the potential for identifying group-level differences based on how participants associate concepts.
Highlights
Belief systems matter for all kinds of human social interaction
We find that the participants’ Free and Text Cognitive-affective maps (CAMs) differ from each other on all three dimensions of similarity
The Text CAMs exhibit a far higher average and max similarity on every metric, providing initial evidence that the participants had a common understanding of the text
Summary
Been devoted to developing methods for understanding belief systems, both for analytical purposes and for practical interventions in organizational development, conflict mediation, and the like. One such method is cognitive mapping, a network technique “to visualize the conceptual structures that people use to represent important aspects of the world” (Homer-Dixon et al 2014: 2; cf Axelrod 1976; Kitchin 1994; Özesmi and Özesmi 2004). Cognitive-affective maps (CAMs) allow the researcher to visualize the affective coherence of a set of interdependent concepts in terms of their associations. Going beyond established cognitive-mapping techniques, CAMs guide researchers’ and practitioners’ attention to the motivational and value-laden structuring principles underlying belief systems
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