Abstract
We demonstrate the capability of terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) to quantify glucose level in ex vivo freshly diabetic’s blood. By investigating the THz spectra of different human blood, we find out THz absorption coefficients reflect a high sensitivity to the glucose level in blood. With a quantitative analysis of 70 patients, we demonstrate that the THz absorption coefficients and the blood glucose levels perform a linear relationship. A comparative experiment between THz measurement and glucometers is also conducted with another 20 blood samples, and the results confirm that the relative error is as less as 15%. Our ex vivo human blood study indicates that THz technique has great potential application to diagnose blood glucose level in clinical practice.
Highlights
THz-time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) has been proved to be a feasible and effective way to detect protein [1,2,3], DNA [4, 5], biopolymers [6], and biomolecules [7, 8] et al This technology opens potentially many applications for THz spectroscopy [8, 9] such as biomedicine, pharmaceutical analysis, real-time monitoring of biological processes, and detecting and identification of harmful biological species [10,11,12,13]
In our previous study [15], based on the THz absorption coefficient spectra study on human’s bloods, we demonstrated that the THz absorption coefficients and the blood glucose levels perform a linear relationship
Our results confirm that the THz absorption coefficients of blood vary at different glucose level, and they perform as a linear relationship with the relative error as less as 15%
Summary
THz-TDS has been proved to be a feasible and effective way to detect protein [1,2,3], DNA [4, 5], biopolymers [6], and biomolecules [7, 8] et al This technology opens potentially many applications for THz spectroscopy [8, 9] such as biomedicine, pharmaceutical analysis, real-time monitoring of biological processes, and detecting and identification of harmful biological species [10,11,12,13]. THz-TDS has been used to investigate the dielectric properties of the ex vivo blood of human and rat [14,15,16,17,18,19] This opens a new way to diagnose blood glucose level in diabetes. Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood glucose level. Blood glucose levels are more than 126 mg/dl when fasting and 200 mg/dl or more after 2-h post-prandial. Our results confirm that the THz absorption coefficients of blood vary at different glucose level, and they perform as a linear relationship with the relative error as less as 15%. Our investigation demonstrates that THz wave has the potential application to clinical human blood glucose level diagnostics
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