Abstract
We proposed a method to display an intermediate visual texture by spatial mixing. In addition to color information, the visual texture is an important element that characterizes the nature of an object’s surface. While the system to display various color information has well matured in engineering, there is no method to reproduce visual textures in ambient light. In our method, the matte and glossy surfaces are used as “primary visual textures”, and an intermediate visual texture is displayed by spatially mixing the primary visual textures. In this paper, we first quantified the visual texture of an object’s surface based on measured intensities of scattered and reflected lights. Next, based on the quantification, we evaluated spatially mixed surfaces consisting of two primary visual textures, an acrylic plate and a holed sheet of drawing paper, by changing the area proportion of the two primary visual textures. Finally, a sensory evaluation showed significant differences between each intermediate visual texture, and the results corresponded to a trend in the optical evaluation. This study illustrates that visual textures could be quantified based on the intensity of scattered and reflected light and reveals the applicability of our method to the display for intermediate visual texture.
Highlights
The purpose of this paper is to quantify visual texture and to display intermediate visual textures by spatially mixing primary visual texture surfaces
While the system to display various color information has well matured in engineering, as typified in displays of electronic devices, the conventional displays are not sufficient to reproduce the nature of the object’s surface, due to the lack of tunable visual textures
Visual textures are influenced by many complex factors such as light source to illuminate, shape, roughness, or motion, and many researchers have investigated how humans distinguish visual textures [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
Summary
The purpose of this paper is to quantify visual texture and to display intermediate visual textures by spatially mixing primary visual texture surfaces. In the field of computer graphics, these studies have been applied to present visual textures: Scattered light intensity on an object’s surface is calculated in an illuminated condition, and visual texture is virtually reproduced based on the calculated results [15,16,17]. This concept has been extended to the actual fabrication of objects, with the use of 3D printing [18] or pigment mixing [19]. It has been proposed that the visual texture on a real three-dimensional object be presented by projecting scattering
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