Abstract
Rosa damascena essential oil is an essential oil that has the greatest industrial importance due to its unique quality properties. The study used ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics of PLSR (partial least squares regression) and PCR (principal component regression) for quantification of probable adulterants of geranium essential oil (GEO), palmarosa essential oil (PEO) and phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEOH). Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to observe the classification pattern of Rosa damascena essential oil, spiked samples and adulterants. Rosa damascena essential oil was spiked with each adulterant at concentrations of 0–100% (v/v). Excellent R2 (regression coefficient) values (≥0.96) were obtained in all PLSR and PCR cross-validation models. The SECV (standard error of cross-validation) values ranged between 0.43 and 4.15. The lowest SECV and bias values were observed in the PLSR and PCR models, which were built by using the raw FTIR spectra of all samples. Hierarchical cluster analysis through Ward’s algorithm and Euclidian distance had high potential to observe the classification pattern of all adulterated and authentic samples. In conclusion, the combination of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with multivariate analysis can be used for rapid, cost-effective, easy, reliable and high-throughput detection of GEO, PEO and PEOH in Rosa damascena essential oil.
Highlights
Rosa damascena (Damask rose) is one of the most important species of the genus Rosa, which consists of at least 200 species
High phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEOH) spiking concentrations (16%, 32% and 64%) were clustered near to the 100% PEOH. These results indicate that PEOH and PEOH-adulterated samples were distinctively classified from geranium essential oil (GEO) and palmarosa essential oil (PEO) adulterated samples
Previous publications reported that FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics of partial least squares regression (PLSR) and principal component regression (PCR) were effectively used for rapid, easy, economical, reliable and eco-friendly quantification of adulterants in various complex food matrices [26]
Summary
Rosa damascena (Damask rose) is one of the most important species of the genus Rosa, which consists of at least 200 species. It is known as a unique type of oil-bearing rose with its intense and pungent scent [1]. Rosa damascena essential oil is defined as: essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the flowers of Rosa damascena Miller of the Rosaceae family, cultivated in Turkey, Morocco and Bulgaria according to the international standard [3]. Previous studies reported that 3500–4000 kg of rose flowers are needed to produce 1 kg of rose essential oil by the distillation process in the industrial facilities [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
