Quantification of reactive carbonyl compounds in icodextrin-based peritoneal dialysis fluids by combined UHPLC-DAD and -MS/MS detection

Abstract

During heat sterilization of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids, the glucose component is partially degraded. The formed glucose degradation products impair biocompatibility and limit the long-term application of PD fluids. As an alternative to glucose, icodextrin, a polyglucose, is used as osmotic agent in PD fluids. After targeted screening for reactive carbonyl compounds, NMR- and MS-analyses very recently revealed 4-deoxyglucosone (4-DG), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), 3-deoxygalactosone (3-DGal), 3,4-dideoxypentosone (3,4-DDPS), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) as main polyglucose degradation products (pGDPs) in icodextrin-based PD fluids. Now, the present study established and validated a UHPLC method with DAD as well as a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the first-time quantification of those five major pGDPs in commercial icodextrin PD fluids after derivatization with o-phenylenediamine. Thus, 4-DG was identified to be the main degradation product (in concentrations up to 20μM). In contrast to the values measured in glucose-based products, the concentration of 3-DGal (≤16μM) was higher than the concentration of 3-DG (≤7μM) indicating different reaction pathways starting from polyglucose compared to glucose. The compounds 3,4-DDPS and 5-HMF were present in minor quantities (≤0.3μM each).