Abstract
In this study, we used spatial autocorrelation, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model to study the spatial characteristics and driving factors of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province (2003-2018). We showed that the amount of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province for the period was reduced from 116,580 to 42,064.96 million tons as observed from the Moran index ranging from -0.310 to 0.302. We identified that the EKC type of Sichuan province was monotonically decreasing and six types of the EKC (monotonically decreasing, monotonically increasing, U, N, inverted U, and inverted N, shape) in 18 major cities. The technical effect (from -0.0964 to -8.8912) can reduce the discharge of industrial wastewater, while the economy effect (0.2948-5.882), structure effect (0.0892-4.5183), and population effect (from -0.0059 to 0.2873) can promote the industrial wastewater discharge. Our findings suggest that industrial wastewater discharge was reduced and changed from non-significant dissociation to non-significant agglomeration to non-significant dissociation during the study period. Furthermore, technical management upgrade is the primary driver in Sichuan province to reduce industrial wastewater discharge during this period.
Highlights
The continuous global industrialization and urbanization have led to the production of large amounts of industrial wastewater in urban areas worldwide (Duttaa et al, 2021)
Our results indicated that technical effect is the main factor in the reduction of industrial wastewater discharge in 18 major cities in Sichuan province (Fig. 3)
Our results showed that (1) the discharge of industrial wastewater and the Moran index decreased from 116580 million tons to 42064.96 million tons and from-0.310 to 0.302, respectively
Summary
The continuous global industrialization and urbanization have led to the production of large amounts of industrial wastewater in urban areas worldwide (Duttaa et al, 2021). As the first and only province in western China with a GDP higher than the national average (Ma et al, 2020), Sichuan is home to more than 83.67 million people (The People’s Government of Sichuan Province 2021a).an accurate analysis of the spatial and temporal patterns and influencing factors of industrial wastewater in major cities in Sichuan province has a high reference value for other provinces in China and other developing countries in the world To this end, our study explored the spatial characteristics and driving factors of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province by using spatial autocorrelation, environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), and LMDI model. The objectives were as follows: (1) to study the discharge characteristics of industrial wastewater in 18 major cities of Sichuan province (2003–2018), (2) to examine the driving factors of industrial wastewater discharge in 18 major cities of Sichuan province and (3) to propose tailored guidelines for environmental policy-making with regards to water quality based on our results
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