Abstract
Datura metel (Solanaceae) from south Lebanon. The different parts of this plant contain the tropane alkaloids atropine (AT) and scopolamine (SC), which are naturally muscarinic receptor antagonists. A method has been developed for the extraction and HPLC-UV analysis of the AT and SC in different parts of D. metel, namely seeds, capsule, leaf, and stem. This analytical method was validated and gave a good detection response with linearity over a dynamic range of 0.03‑0.17 mg mL−1 and recovery in the range of 93.9–108.76%. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 32 and 98 µg.mL-1 for atropine and 31 and 93 µg.mL-1 for scopolamine, allowing a reliable quantitation of the target alkaloids. The solvent system Methanol/acetonitrile was the better choice for extracting tropane alkaloids from different Datura parts. Capsule parts of the plant accumulate the highest amount of scopolamine, while seeds accumulate the higher amount of atropine. Briefly, the order of scopolamine concentrations in Datura metel parts, from Lebanon, was in capsules ˃ seeds ˃ leaves ˃ stems and for atropine, the concentrations were in seeds ˃ capsules ˃ stems ˃ leaves.
Highlights
Datura metel (D. metel) is a wild-growing plant of the Solanaceae family [1]
The outcomes of the Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) experiment of D. metel extract after visualization is shown in Figure 3 which reveals the presence of two orange spots in the extract solution, one at the same retention factors (Rf) (0.75) as standard scopolamine and the other at the same Rf (0.5) as standard atropine, assuring their identities
Several analytical methods have been employed for the analysis of tropane alkaloids including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), paper chromatography, gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14]
Summary
Datura metel (D. metel) is a wild-growing plant of the Solanaceae family [1]. The name Datura is assumed to originate from Sanskrit Dustura or Dahatura [2], but is mostly known as Angel’s and Devil’s trumpet, Locoweed, Jimson weed, or Datura [3]. In Lebanon where it is widely distributed in several regions [4]; it is known as “Jawz-meaael”. It comprises different types of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and glycosides. Its leaves and seeds are rich in alkaloids, such as atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine [2]. Due to its alkaloid content, this plant was primarily used as an intoxicant and hallucinogen [3, 5]
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