Abstract
Crataegus species are used in food and traditional medicine because of its beneficial effect on human health. The aim of this study was to identify biochemical and phenolic composition of fruit from the genotypes belonging to four Crataegus species; C. monogyna subsp. monogyna Jocq, C. atrosanguinea Pojark, C. orientalis var. orientalis Pallasex. Bieb and C. meyeri Pojark. C. meyeri differed from the other species with having higher saccharose and succinic acid. Fructose and glucose were major sugars in all hawthorn species. Rutin, catechin and caffeic acid were the most plentiful phenolic compounds in all genotypes belonging to four different species. In addition, substantial amount syringic and p‑qumaric acid were identified in all genotypes. Wide variability in sugar, vitamin c, organic acid and phenolic components between the genotypes within the same species was observed. Vitamin C contents of the genotypes within C. monogyna subsp. monogyna were changed between 21.8 and 34.4 mg/100 g FW. Rutin content ranged from 31.9 to 96.3 mg/100 g FW in C. monogyna subsp. monogyna whereas it was between 13.3 and 39.2 mg/100 g FW in C. meyeri. The highest caffeic acid was observed in the genotypes belonging to C. atrosanguinea species, with ranging from 54.5 to 108.4 mg/100 g FW.
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