Abstract
The use of sandwich immunoprocedures based on monoclonal antibodies has improved the quaIity of immunological determinations of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), but results from external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) show, that there is a need for further improvement. Although the present hCG standard certified by WHO (Third International Standard) is generally used by kit manufacturers, results for different procedures may give highly variable results. This is probably due to differences in antibody specificity and to nonspecific interference. During the last decade, immunoprocedures specifically measuring low concentrations of free a (hCGa) and D (hCGD) subunits have become available, and these are becoming clinically important [l, 2, 3, 4, 51.
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