Abstract
Physicochemical and biochemical indices, which characterize quality of white wine grape varieties Zagrey and Aromatnyi of selection of NNC «IV&W named after V. Ye. Tairov», (harvest of 2016) were determined. The field trial which includes various variants of planting density and vine training systems, made it possible to study the influence of viticulture practices on the criteria of carbohydrate-acid and phenolic complex, oxidative enzyme system of grapes. Low-density plantings of Aromatnyi variety (2222 vines per ha) were characterized by harvest that slightly exceeded the grapes obtained from dense plantations (4000 vines per ha) in terms of carbohydrate-acid and phenolic complexes. The most optimal in terms of the mass concentration of sugars, phenolic substances, polymer forms, macerating ability of must, activity of oxidizing enzyme system was cultivation of this variety on a 160 cm – high trunk. Growing grapes of Zagrey variety with vine spacing, corresponding to 4000 plants per ha, contributed to obtaining harvest with optimal parameters of carbohydrate-acid complex, low technological reserve and mass concentration of phenolic compounds, moderate macerating ability and activity of monophenol monooxygenase in must. Training vines of this variety on a 40 cm high trunk with vertical shoot positioning led to significant deterioration of grape quality due to increased content of phenolic substances and their polymer forms, high macerating capacity of must.
Highlights
Formulation of the problemThe main task of modern viticulture is to find the optimal balance between yields and quality of grapes
For terrains and grape varieties, the technology of growing on a trellis allows determining a certain amount of leaf surface and yield
In Ukraine, standard approach to viticulture practices is mainly implemented without taking into account technological potential of varieties
Summary
The main task of modern viticulture is to find the optimal balance between yields and quality of grapes. This balance, largely determined by the size of leaf area and the crop load of vines, is based on fundamental relationship between «sources» and «sinks» of energy and organic carbon [1]. In Ukraine, standard approach to viticulture practices is mainly implemented without taking into account technological potential of varieties. This fact is often the reason for production of low quality wines
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