Quality of Urban Green Open Space Based on Urban Surface Temperature for Anticipation of Urban Heat Island (Case Study: Green Open Space Kendari City)

Abstract

The availability of green open space (GOS) in Kendari has crucial role as social and economic function besides its ecological function for an urban area. Along with the population growth and the increasing land use for construction site, a new problem emerged namely the decreasing of green open space and its quality for years. However, It is known that green open space have a positive contribution to the development of urban heat island (UHI). This study aims at investigating the quality of urban GOS in Kendari through Urban Surface Temperature as the effort of anticipating the form of urban heat island effect. Quantitative analysis was used to measure the area and quality of GOS and GIS software was used to obtain data of Urban Surface Temperature from urban GOS to GOS in Sub Regency level in Kendari, while qualitatively, the data was used to indicate the quality of GOS toward the aspect of urban heat island formation. From the results of this study, it is known that the surface temperature in Kendari strongly influenced by the wide availability of green open space as a cooling surface temperature. The wider and better condition of green open space, the cooler of surface temperature and vice versa. It is also known that the District of West Kendari is a sub-district that has the smallest urban green open space of 1,6 km2 or 9,4% of the total area of the sub-district so, the tendency of surface temperatures in urban environments is higher.