Abstract
In this paper, we develop new algorithms to find the optimal, energy preserving, paths from Source Node (SN) to the Base Station (BS) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Optimality is defined in a constrained sense, in which the minimal energy route is sought (to maximize the lifespan of WSNs) under reliability constraint, meaning that each packet must reach the BS with a given probability. Energy efficiency is going to be achieved by selecting nodes for multi-hop packet forwarding under information, which yields the most evenly distributed energy state over the network after the packet has reached the BS. The new algorithm gave good results with any BS positioning in sensor networks. The simulation results will demonstrate that our algorithm is more efficient than the other routing protocols proposed before. There are many efficient protocols which increase the lifetime of sensor network such as LEACH, PEGASIS, PEDAP and PEDAP-PA, but they failed to provide energy ba-lancing under reliability constraints. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm under name HQRA (High Quality of service Routing Algorithm), which is able to find near-optimal paths in WSNs by minimizing the energy but guaranteeing a given level of reliability, as well.
Highlights
The recent technological developments of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) enable many applications in system monitoring and surveillance
We investigate the lifespan of WSN by using the proposed routing algorithm
This investigation involves both the dynamics of energy consumption and the longevity of WSN according to different criteria
Summary
The recent technological developments of WSNs enable many applications in system monitoring and surveillance. As far as energy awareness is concerned, there are some well-known traditional routing protocols as Directed Diffusion [4], LEACH, PEGASIS and PEDAP These algorithms increase the lifetime of network, but none of them focused on reliable packet forwarding, in terms of not giving any guarantee about the packet reaching the BS. One of the well spread WSNs protocols is LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) [5], which a clustering-based protocol that randomly chooses some sensor nodes as cluster heads, and other sensor nodes forward packets to the nearest cluster head In this way, LEACH will reduce the number of those sensor nodes which communicate directly to the BS, and reduces the energy consumption.
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