Quality of second season soybean submitted to drying and storage

Cesar Pedro Hartmann Filho,Tathiana Elisa Masetto,André Luís Duarte Goneli,Elton Aparecido Siqueira Martins,Guilherme Cardoso Oba,Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4641380

Cesar Pedro Hartmann Filho, Tathiana Elisa Masetto + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4641380

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Drying agricultural products reduces the moisture content to suitable levels for storage, in order to maintain the product quality. However, special care with the temperatures applied in the process is important for the integrity and longevity of the material. The present study aimed at determining the immediate and latent effect of air-drying temperatures on the quality of soybean produced as a second season crop. The grains were collected at the R8 stage, close to the physiological maturity, with moisture content of approximately 23 % (w.b.), submitted to drying temperatures of 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, 70 ºC and 80 ºC, up to a moisture content of 12.5 ± 0.7 % (w.b.), and then stored under non-controlled humidity and temperature for 180 days. Thereafter, quality was assessed every 45 days by determining the dry matter loss, color and crude protein and lipid contents, as well as the acidity and peroxide indices of the crude oil extracted. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the increase in the air-drying temperature affects the soybean quality and crude oil extracted, being this effect enhanced with the storage time; the soybean and crude oil quality decline with an increase in the air-drying temperature and storage time; the air temperature of 40 ºC has the least effect on the quality of soybean grains and crude oil extracted.

Highlights

Soybean is one of the main aleuro-oleaginous grown worldwide, due to its distinct characteristics, which provide high profitability per unit area and favorable market conditions (Sediyama et al 2013)
Each repetition was composed of approximately 150 g of the product, which was placed in perforated waterproof packages. These duly sealed packages were distributed inside the metallic containers together with the remaining soybean mass, with moisture content and wet mass determined immediately and at 45 days after drying
The peroxide index was determined according to the AOCS (2011), using the Cd 8b-90 method, which involved dissolving three 5 g samples of oil in 50 ml of isooctane acetic acid solution (3:2, v/v), with the addition of 0.5 ml of saturated potassium iodine, followed by titration with a solution of 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Soybean is one of the main aleuro-oleaginous grown worldwide, due to its distinct characteristics, which provide high profitability per unit area and favorable market conditions (Sediyama et al 2013). These characteristics include its protein-rich composition, which ranges 30-53 %, and oil content of 13-28 % (Bezerra et al 2015). The air-drying temperature may have an immediate effect on grain quality, and storage conditions may acerbate any resulting damage (Deliberali et al 2010, Schuh et al 2011). The present study aimed at assessing the immediate and latent effect of airdrying temperature on the quality of soybean produced as a second season crop

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS